The Croatian chessboard is a part of the coat of arms of the Republic of Croatia which is on the Croatian flag. The coat of arms has a shield shape and is divided horizontally and vertically into twenty-five red and white (silver) fields and the first field in the upper left corner is red. Above the main shield there is a crown with five smaller shields, which are connected to the lower port with the left and right upper shields.

The late legend, probably dating back to the 19th century, tells how King Vladislav (also mentioned by name King Suronja), captured by Venetian, played a chess match in which his opponent was Petar II Orselo's . He got all three parties and thus gained freedom, and in some versions and power over the Dalmatian cities. Then he put the chessboard in his coat of arms. In some quotations there is a reference to the belief in the meaning of the color of the first field in the coat of arms, according to which the first white field meant the independence of Croatia.